Dolor en el Apéndice: Causas, Imágenes, Síntomas y Tratamiento

Definición y hechos:

En un cuerpo humano, el apéndice está situado en la parte inferior derecha del abdomen. El apéndice es bastante estrecho y generalmente su longitud es de aproximadamente 5-10 cm. Es una estructura tubular pequeña que sale del ciego. El ciego es una parte del intestino grueso que viene antes del colon. El intestino delgado digiere y absorbe la ingesta de alimentos del ser humano y la parte restante de ese alimento comenzó a formarse como heces en el ciego antes de pasar por el intestino grueso.

Aunque el apéndice no tiene ninguna función en un cuerpo humano moderno, se cree que antes de la evolución de los simios a los seres humanos, el apéndice se usaba para digerir los alimentos difíciles. El apéndice es un órgano vestigial y forma parte del tracto gastrointestinal. Como el apéndice no tiene una función vital en el cuerpo humano, un ser humano puede llevar una vida sana sin él.

Algún tipo de bloqueo u obstrucción en el apéndice puede causar dolor o apendicitis en el apéndice. El dolor en el Apéndice es el resultado de una inflamación o infección en el apéndice. El bloqueo ocurre debido a la acumulación de moco o parásitos o debido a la materia fecal. Debido a la obstrucción en el apéndice, la multiplicación bacteriana ocurre dentro de él, y esto causa dolor en el apéndice y finalmente conduce a la apendicitis.

Si el apéndice roto o inflamado no recibe tratamiento inmediato, continúa liberando bacterias causando más dolor en el abdomen. Y la infección que se causa debido a esto se conoce como peritonitis ; esta situación necesita tratamiento inmediato. El apéndice se rompe en las 24 horas posteriores a la aparición de los síntomas, pero el riesgo aumenta repentinamente después de un período de 48 horas junto con un dolor severo en el apéndice.

 

Causas:

El dolor en los apéndices ocurre debido al apéndice roto o bloqueado debido a gérmenes, bacterias, virus, cáncer , contaminación del aire y, a veces, incluso debido a que las heces se atascan dando como resultado la inflamación del apéndice.

Los médicos dicen que hay numerosas razones que causan dolor o apendicitis en el apéndice, algunas de ellas son:

• La bacteria Bacteroides
• Adenovirus
• Sarampión
• La bacteria Salmonella
• The Shigella bacteria
• Appendicoliths or fecaliths that are also known as appendix stones
• Worms and parasites into the Intestine
• Injury in the Abdomen
• The fungal infections like mucormycosis and histoplasmosis
• Irritation and ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract that occurs due to long-lasting disorders, like the Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis
• Enlarged lymph tissue
• And sometimes because of some foreign objects.

Signs and symptoms:

Appendix pain comes along with various signs and symptoms. But fortunately not all at a time, if someone is experiencing these symptoms they should immediately consult a doctor within 2 to 3 days before it turns into severe pain.

Pain in Abdomen

Appendix pain usually happens in the abdominal area as the appendix gets inflamed; it irritates the peritoneum which is the lining of the abdominal wall. This results in severe pain in the lower right portion of the abdomen. And those who have their appendix behind the colon they experience pain in their lower back portion.

Mild fever

Appendix pain sometimes causes a mild fever of 37.2˚C to 38˚C or just coughs and sneezes. But if the infection spreads into the organ because of the appendix burst then it might increase the fever.

Puking

Puking and nausea are the other symptoms of appendix pain. Due to appendix pain, you might lose your appetite and the urge for eating gets decreased.

Diarrhea

While suffering from appendix pain having diarrhea is quite common because of the presence of mucus in the abdomen along with abdominal pain in the lower-right portion of the abdomen.

Gas and bloating

If you are having stomach upset for some days and continuously the abdominal pain is increasing then it might be because of appendix pain. Beware of it if you are bloating for some days or having bowel pain. Immediately consult an expert for proper treatment before it’s too late.

 

Diagnosed:

Diagnosis of appendix pain is quite tricky and challenging as well because the symptoms of appendicitis or appendix pain are almost similar to the diseases like urinary infection, gastritis, gallbladder issues, ovary issues and Crohn’s disease. And another reason for this problem is some people do not get the typical symptoms for appendix pain and some have their appendix located behind their colon, liver or pelvis so they don’t get pain in the lower right portion of their abdomen so it’s being bit tricky to diagnose.

First the doctor will ask about the symptoms related to the appendix pain and some required medical history and then perform some primary diagnose to examine some physical symptoms like:

• Rebound tenderness
• Rovsing’s sign, in this the patient usually experience severe pain in the lower right portion of the abdomen when an outer pressure is applied.
• Psoas signs, in this symptom bending the psoas muscles near the appendix, cause sharp pain in the abdomen.

After that if appendix pain or appendicitis is detected, the doctor will suggest doing these further tests like:

• Blood test
• Urine test
• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
• USG or ultrasound.
• CT Scan

The blood tests are done when the patient gets admitted to the hospital to find the signs of infection and the urine tests are done to diagnose urine infection. The imaging tests are done in order to diagnose properly if it’s not clear, as the ultrasound scan or a CT scan helps to clarify the hidden symptoms of appendix pain. If the diagnosis seems to be correct then for such cases, the doctors suggest removing the appendix through surgery because it becomes ruptured and quite risky for diagnosis.

If the case doesn’t seem to be that much critical, then the doctor suggests waiting under observation and then antibiotic medicines are being prescribed by the doctor.

 

Treatment:

The primary stage of treatment for Appendix pain includes a physical exam, questions related to the case history and some tests like:

• Blood tests to find out the reasons for infection
• Urine tests for check up of kidney stone or the signs of UTI
• Ultrasound or CT scan to clarify the position of the appendix.

If appendicitis is being diagnosed from appendix pain, then an immediate surgery is required or not will be decided by the surgeon after that. And the patient will be treated with antibiotics before the surgery; these medicines prevent infection to grow after the surgery. The appendix is being removed during surgery, and it is known as the appendectomy.

Open appendectomy

In open appendectomy, an incision is made in the lower right portion of the abdomen. The appendix is being removed, and the incision is closed with stitches. In this process, if required then the abdominal area can be cleared if the appendix burst and the infection spreads.

Laparoscopic appendectomy

In laparoscopic appendectomy, the surgeon makes few small incisions in the abdominal area. Then the laparoscope is being inserted through the incisions. The laparoscope is a thin long tube-like structure along with a light and camera, the camera displays the images on a screen and guides the instrument. After finding the appendix, they remove it and close the small incisions after cleaning.

After the surgery

Whether it’s laparoscopic or open appendectomy, the doctor will suggest staying back at the hospital under observation until and unless the pain gets under control.

Delaying the surgery

When the patient gets the symptoms for less than four days, then the doctor prescribes an antibiotic course to make the appendix shrink and prevent the infection from growing and spreading into the organ and perform the surgery later.

What to Expect:

When the appendix pain takes a crucial turn, then an immediate appendix surgery is usually required, antibiotics are prescribed by the surgeon before an appendectomy to prevent from peritonitis. If the patient starts having peritonitis in the appendix, the abdomen gets filled with pus.

After 12 hours of the surgery, the patient can get up and move around. And after a time span of 2-3 weeks, the patient can easily get back to regular life. If the surgery was laparoscopic appendectomy, the incision might heal faster, and if the surgery was open appendectomy, then it will take some time to heal the incisions.

If you are experiencing these problems after surgery immediately consult with your surgeon:

• Excessive vomiting
• Gradually increased in abdominal pain
• Dizziness
• Blood loss during puking or with urine
• Redness around the incision
• Pain around the stitches
• Mild Fever
• Pus around the incision area

 

Prevention:

Though there is no way out to prevent appendix pain or appendicitis. But it has been seen that people who eat fibrous foods like fresh fruits and veggies have comparatively fewer chances to have appendix pain as intake of fibrous foods prevents constipation which is a major reason for appendix pain.

The Do’s

• Immediately consult with the doctor if you are experiencing appendix pain because this could turn into appendicitis making the situation more crucial. And the most important thing one need to remember is there is no home remedy to prevent or treat Appendix pain or Appendicitis as well so taking prescribed medicines during an appendix pain would be a wise decision.

The Don’ts

• One shouldn’t take OTC’s or over-the-counter medicines to treat appendix pain as it can cause appendix rupture. Taking such medicines could hide some of the symptoms making it worse and quite hard for the doctor to make the proper diagnosis.

Conclusion:

So the appendix pain is a result of the ruptured or inflamed appendix which leads towards appendicitis. But taking treatment at an early stage immediately after getting the usual symptoms like nausea, abdominal pain, and mild fever could help to prevent the appendix pain from spreading and being a life risk. The only treatment for a ruptured or inflamed appendix is removing the organ through a surgery known as the appendectomy. There are no such preventive methods or home remedies that can prevent appendix pain. The only thing one can do is eat a lot of fibrous foods and avoid pollution to get rid of appendix pain. For more health tips like this stay connected and stay well !!!